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Karaihe/European Marram Grass  Calamagrostris arenaria

 

Probably the worst pest species we have in the dune system at Foxton Beach. It wasn’t always thought to be and had previously been widely planted as a means of stabilising sand erosion.

It has proven to be a short-term solution because of it being a deep-rooted species which creates high dunes through its deep penetrating roots. Unfortunately, as can be seen in the photograph opposite, these can cause the dune to collapse.

The planting of native sand-binders such as Pingao and Spinifex has been undertaken at the dunes for several years now, and in time, will hopefully prove to be a better solution than Marram. 

It has been proven that seed can remain viable for over 20 years at up to depths of 4 m of sand. Wind erosion could bring these to the surface at a future date. View article abstract here.

iNaturalist-Marram Grass

NZPCN-Marram Grass

parrots feather
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Parrot's Feather  Myriophyllum aquaticum

This is one of the numerous species on the National Pest Plant Accord (NPPA) list which bans the sale of this potentially invasive species. However, of the sixteen regions with pest management plans it is only classed as a pest in eight, one of which is not Horizons. It is not considered a pest in this area.

This is a plant of mainly freshwater but can tolerate slightly saline estuarine conditions. Can grow in water up to 2 m in depth with the feathery growth protruding around 10 cm above water.

Once established it can form large mats which can reach a stage where it chokes or shades waterways which can cause serious problems for native species.

Broken off fragments are dispersed by water to new areas where they quickly become established.

Weedbusters-Parrot's Feather


iNaturalist-Parrot's Feather

 
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